Periodontal disease is associated with increased risk of preterm birth and delivering a baby with low birth weight (PLBW). Research suggests that the inflammation caused by periodontal disease may trigger an immune response that can lead to premature delivery.
Understand how Periodontal Disease Affect the Fetus Development
Several studies propose a concern for the prevalence of periodontal disease (P) among pregnant women. Given its inflammatory nature occurring from bacterial causes, Periodontal disease potentially activates the pathways affecting the progression and outcome of pregnancy. Additionally, the bacteria associated with periodontal disease can enter the bloodstream and potentially reach the placenta, affecting the foetus development and causing low birth weight. Baby weighing less than <2.5kg (5.5 pounds) has been defined by the World Health Organization to be considered as Low Birth Weight.
How Periodontal Disease Threatens Dental Health
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a common condition that affects the gums and the bones that support the teeth. It usually starts with the buildup of plague, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can turn into a tartar which can only be removed by a dental professional. The bacteria in plaque and tartar can cause inflammation of the gums, known as gingivitis.
Gingivitis is the early stage of periodontal disease, healthy gum usually pale in pink, while symptoms of gingivitis include red swollen gums that bleed easily especially while brushing and flossing. Gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more serious condition of gum disease, If you are diagnosed with periodontitis, the inflammation spreads below the gum line, causing the gum to recede and form pockets that can easily become infected. If left untreated over time, the infection can eat away the bone and connective tissue that hold the teeth in place, resulting in tooth loss.
Importance of Oral Hygiene for Expectant Mothers to Reduce Risks
It has also been reported that some individuals may have limited knowledge about the relation of Periodontal disease to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, it is important that every pregnant woman should be informed about Periodontal disease and its consequences to their babies. Maintaining good oral hygiene and seeking timely treatment for periodontal disease during pregnancy are essential for reducing preterm births and Low birth weight delivery.
Here we have listed some tips to maintain your oral health during pregnancy -
1. Brushing Your Teeth: Use soft- bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste to clean your teeth and gums gently.
2. Floss Daily: Flossing is necessary for removing plaque and food particles between teeth. It cleans the whole mouth especially where your toothbrush cannot reach. It helps in avoiding gum disease and cavities.
3. Select the Right Toothpaste: Use fluoride toothpaste to strengthen tooth enamel and prevent tooth decay. Avoid using toothpaste with high levels, excessive fluoride intake during pregnancy can be dangerous.
4. Stay Hydrated: Drink lots of water throughout the day to help rinse away food particles and bacteria. Keep your mouth clean, and avoid dry mouth as it can lead to dental problems.
5. Watch Your Diet: Take a balanced diet like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limit your intake of sugary snacks and beverages, as it can contribute to tooth decay and gum disease.
6. Get regular dental check-ups. Schedule frequent dental check-ups and cleanings with your dentist. Inform your dentist about your pregnancy so that they can adjust Tooth-Coloured Dentistry treatments and address any issues adequately.
If you are experiencing any bleeding sensitive gum, or are currently in your first trimester, please visit one of our clinicians for a check-up so that we can prepare you to keep your teeth healthy and strong during these eventful moments.
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Count on us to be there when you need us most, providing the best emergency dental care to keep your smile healthy and vibrant. Schedule your consultation today and let the experts handle your oral health.